Analyzing Anxiety Measures in Learning Sensing Technologies within a Mixed Reality Environment

10 pages•Published: June 2, 2026

Mariam Tomori, Joshua Ofori, Jasmine Cobb, Duen Horng Chau and Omobolanle Ogunseiju

Abstract

Mixed Reality Learning Environments (MRLEs) are increasingly used in construction education to provide hands-on experiences that enhance engagement and skill development. However, their influence on learners’ anxiety remains underexplored. While moderate levels can enhance engagement, excessive strain or tension may hinder performance. This study investigates how anxiety influences learning in an MRLE designed to teach sensing technologies on a virtual construction site. Twenty-two construction engineering and management students participated, completing pre- and post-knowledge tests and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory to assess anxiety levels across different MRLE scenes. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Friedman, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Results showed that participants initially exhibited low anxiety levels and positive anxiety states before interacting with the MRLE. Although anxiety states like tension, dizziness, strain, and nervousness increased during MRLE, the MRLE experience did not lead to overwhelming negative anxiety responses. Also, MRLE participation improved knowledge of sensing technologies. The study highlights the importance of integrating affective design considerations in MRLE development to balance cognitive and anxiety-related demands and optimize learning outcomes in construction education.

Keyphrases: anxiety measures, construction education, mixed reality learning environment, sensing technologies

In: Wesley Collins, Anthony Perrenoud and John Posillico (editors). Proceedings of Associated Schools of Construction 62nd Annual International Conference, vol 7, pages 378-387.

Links:	https://easychair.org/publications/paper/8nmpm
	https://doi.org/10.29007/55pv

BibTeX entry

@inproceedings{ASC2026:Analyzing_Anxiety_Measures_Learning,
  author    = {Mariam Tomori and Joshua Ofori and Jasmine Cobb and Duen Horng Chau and Omobolanle Ogunseiju},
  title     = {Analyzing Anxiety Measures in Learning Sensing Technologies within a Mixed Reality Environment},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of Associated Schools of Construction 62nd Annual International Conference},
  editor    = {Wesley Collins and Anthony Perrenoud and John Posillico},
  series    = {EPiC Series in Built Environment},
  volume    = {7},
  publisher = {EasyChair},
  bibsource = {EasyChair, https://easychair.org},
  issn      = {2632-881X},
  url       = {/publications/paper/8nmpm},
  doi       = {10.29007/55pv},
  pages     = {378-387},
  year      = {2026}}

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